Wicks Unlimited, a division of Stimpson Company, Inc.
Wicks Unlimited Candle Wick Assembly Primer
Choosing the Right Wick Choosing the Right Wax & Clip Why It's ImportantCommon Burn IssuesCombustion 101

Combustion 101

All combustion takes place on the outside edge of the flame where oxygen and heat are at their maximum.

CO2 + H2O +Heat +Light

In ideal complete combustion, combustion is completed outside of the flame, where oxygen is present.

Ideal Complete Combustion

Ideal Complete Combustion diagram

Ideal combustion is completed outside of the flame, where oxygen is present.

Incomplete Combustion

Incomplete Combustion diagram

Incomplete combustion occurs when there is more fuel present than can be combusted by the flame. As a result, not all the fuel is completely broken down and is cast off into the environment in the form of soot.

Diffusion

Diffusion diagram

Diffusion is the process of liquified wax penetrating the wick's cotton fibers.

Capillary Action

Capillary Action diagram

Capillary action is the method by which fuel is pulled up into the wick by the combustion of the flame.

Vaporization of Fuel

Vaporization of Fuel diagram

Vaporization of fuel is required to complete the combustion process. The wax cannot be consumed until it is transformed into a gas.

Fuel Reduction

Fuel Reduction diagram

Mushrooming, carbon capping, or carbon deposits are the result of unburned fuel and soot accumulating on the end of the wick.

About Vegetable Waxes and Combustion